Demyelinating disease of spinal cord Radiology

Huge Selection on Second Hand Books. Low Prices & Free Delivery. Start Shopping! World of Books is one of the largest online sellers of second-hand books in the worl Demyelinating and Infectious Diseases of the Spinal Cord Spinal cord diseases generally have distinctive clinical findings that reflect dysfunction of particular sensory or motor tracts. The abnormalities on MR images reflect the pathologic changes that occur in the affected pathways

Demyelination is incorrectly often equated to multiple sclerosis, whereas in reality it is a generic pathological term simply describing, as the word suggests, the loss of normal myelin around axons in the central nervous system. This should be distinguished from dysmyelination where the formation of normal myelin is absent Demyelinating Diseases of the CNS (Brain and Spine) Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most important idiopathic inflammatory disorders that affects both the brain and spine. Dissemination in space and time on MRI is not limited to MS and can occur in neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and a series of other inflammatory disorders The spinal cord is commonly affected in inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IDD) of the central nervous system. In the most common IDD, multiple sclerosis (MS), the importance of spinal cord involvement is highlighted by the inclusion of characteristic cord lesions in its current diagnostic criteria Demyelinating disorders are a subgroup of white matter disorders characterized by the destruction or damage of normally myelinated structures. These disorders may be inflammatory, infective, ischemic or toxic in origin and include 1-7 If we exclude myelopathy due to cord compression as seen in trauma, degeneration and metastatic disease, which is usually not a diagnostic dilemma, then the most common diseases of the spinal cord are demyelinating diseases. MS is by far the most common demyelinating disease

The spectrum of Myelin Oligodendrocytes Glycoprotein (MOG) antibody disease constitutes a recently described challenging entity, referring to a relatively new spectrum of autoimmune disorders with antibodies against MOG predominantly involving the optic nerve and spinal cord A very important differential to keep in mind, especially in patients with a bilateral optic neuritis, is Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) or Devic's Disease. This is a demyelinating disease in which the optic nerves and spinal cord are usually involved. Often there are few T2-lesions in the brain

Demyelinating diseases are a common cause of intrinsic spinal cord SI change. Demyelinating diseases represent a heterogeneous group of diseases with variable clinical manifestation and imaging features There are many causes for restricted diffusion in demyelinating diseases, including intramyelinic edema (cytotoxic oligodendroglia edema) or myelin vacuolation and reversible reduced vascular input. Myelin breakdown and inflammatory cell infiltration may reduce water movement in the extracellular space because of reduced fiber tract organization

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• Spinal Cord Multiple Sclerosis Demyelinating Disease Conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Spinal Cord Lesion These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves
• Demyelinating as well as neoplastic spinal cord diseases can cause paresthesia, progressive sensomotoric deficits and bowel and bladder dysfunction. Imaging of the spine, especially with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is an essential component in the diagnostic assessment of myelopathy and makes a substantial contribution to achieving the.
• Demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) that affect the brain and spine have a variety of etiologies and can be separated into primary such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and other idiopathic inflammatory-demyelinating diseases (IIDDs) and secondary (e.g., infectious, ischemic, metabolic, or toxic) diseases

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Pain is a significant problem in diseases affecting the spinal cord, including demyelinating disease. To date, studies have examined the reliability of clinical measures for assessing and classifying the severity of spinal cord injury (SCI) and also to evaluate SCI-related pain • Imaging diagnosis of intramedullary spinal cord lesions could obviate cord biopsy. • Evaluation of cord lesions should focus on location, length, and enhancement pattern. • In demyelination, the degree of cross-sectional involvement is a distinguishing feature Demyelinating Disorders of the Brain and Spinal Cord MS: MS is the most common demyelinating disease. It is characterized by demyelination in the brain, spine, and/or optic nerve. There are several types of MS, and some are characterized by relapses and remissions, while others are characterized by a gradual decline The present study aims to identify the characteristic findings of spinal MRI among each group of central nervous system with demyelinating diseases including the early stage of MS or clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) [11], MS [11], idiopathic transverse myelitis (IDD-TM) [12], and NMOSD [13]. 2

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1. Newer imaging techniques, such as spinal cord diffusion tensor imaging, appear promising to further interrogate spinal cord injury at a microstructural level [18-21]. demyelinating diseases (ie, multiple sclerosis), systemic inflammatory diseases, and infection
2. Inflammatory Demyelinating Pseudotumor  Clinical Features- Demyelinating diseases occasionally present as solitary, focal, or ill-defined space-occupying lesions in the brain that closely mimic a neoplasm both clinically and radiologically.  These lesions can be found in all age groups but mostly in the third to fifth decades.  The clinical features are similar to those of postinfectious/postvaccinal encephalomyelitis, i.e. an acute onset of symptoms and dramatic response to steroids
3. Introduction. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). MS is diagnosed by establishing criteria including evidence of two separate areas of CNS demyelination including the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves, with evidence the damage occurred at least one month apart, after exclusion of all other etiologies
4. Tumor-like inflammatory demyelinating disease (TIDD) usually occurs in the brain and rarely occurs in the spinal cord. TIDD appears to be very similar to tumors such as gliomas on imaging, which may lead to incorrect or delayed diagnosis and treatment
5. e the value of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the spinal cord to differentiate multiple sclerosis (MS) from other inflammatory disorders and cerebrovascular diseases (together, other neurologic disease [OND]). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study population included 66 patients with OND and 25 patients with MS, who were matched for age, sex, and symptom duration or severity
6. RESULTS: Of 119 children with primary mitochondrial disease in whom MR imaging was available, only 33 of 119 (28%) had available spine imaging for reanalysis. Nineteen of these 33 individuals (58%) had evidence of spinal cord lesions. Two main patterns of spinal cord lesions were identified: group A (12/19; 63%) had white ± gray matter involvement, and group B (7/19; 37%) had isolated gray.
7. ated encephalomyelitis, anti-myelin.

Review Pain and spinal cord imaging measures in children with demyelinating disease Nadia Barakata,*, Mark P. Gormanc, Leslie Bensonc,LinoBecerraa,b, David Borsooka,b aCenter for Pain and the Brain, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children3s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA bDepartment of Radiology, Boston Children3s Hospital, Boston, MA, US Among the inflammatory CNS diseases, spinal cord lesions can most frequently be found in multiple sclerosis, though they are very uncommon in other neurologic diseases. 1 MR imaging of the brain and spinal cord plays a major role not only for establishing the diagnosis of MS but also for evaluating its individual course. 2,3 The following sequences are recommended in the standard MS spinal. dorsal spinal cord during demyelinating disease progression (19- 23). However, because engrafted NPCs preferentially migrate to regions deep within the ventral spinal cord (24), standard dorsal-side 2P in vivo imaging techniques are not suitable for visuali-zation deep in the ventral side. Using a ventral-side imagin

Transverse myelitis (TM) is a rare neurological condition in which the spinal cord is inflamed. Transverse implies that the inflammation extends horizontally across the spinal cord. Partial transverse myelitis and partial myelitis are terms sometimes used to specify inflammation that only affects part of the width of the spinal cord. TM is characterized by weakness and numbness of the limbs. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease affecting the brain and spinal cord. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enhancement after administration of contrast in a patient with MS indicates increased blood-brain barrier permeability with active inflammation, typically persisting for weeks. 1 Ring enhancement, particularly the open (incomplete) ring sign, is a frequently observed.

22-year-old woman with acute MOG-myelitis. Spinal MRI with sagittal T2-weighted (A), sagittal T1-weighted (B), sagittal (C), and axial (D) T1 with Gadolinium images. During disease onset, a longitudinal extensive T2 hyperintense lesion (A) involving the cervical spinal cord is seen, as well as cord swelling In the spinal cord—In patients with RRMS, lesions were predominantly in the outer subpial portion of the cervical cord, suggesting CSF plays an important role in lesion development in the early stage of the disease. In patients with SPMS, lesions were predominantly near the central canal along the inner portion of the spinal cord Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common demyelinating process involving the central nervous system; the diagnosis is made from a combination of clinical, imaging, and laboratory findings. Patients with MS can present with motor, sensory, visual, and/or autonomic pathway symptoms. Spinal MS is often associated with brain lesions; however, 20%.

Imaging of the spinal cord can be challenging, as the finding of T2 hyperintensity within the cord is a nonspecific finding that demands further work-up and clinical correlation to determine an exact etiology. up to 20% of patients can present with isolated spinal disease. 3 Over the course of the disease process, Chronic demyelination. Unfortunately, the term inflammatory myelitis is still applied to a complex and heterogeneous subgroup of post-infectious, rheumatologic, granulomatous, paraneoplastic, and demyelinating diseases, commonly affecting the spinal cord in which substantial overlap in clinical and imaging findings subsists MRI of the lumbar spine was initially interpreted as diffuse leptomeningeal disease, and patient began Dexamethasone and radiation with improvement in symptoms. However, subsequent completion imaging revealed smooth nerve root involvement with sparing of the spinal cord, findings more compatible with inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

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1. This study, published in the Neural Regeneration Research (Vol. 8, No. 26, 2013), summarizes the clinical and imaging properties of inflammatory demyelinating pseudotumor in the spinal cord.
2. develop a progressive demyelinating disease following TMEV infection, with lesions almost exclusively confined to the spinal cord. To assess the extent of antibody-mediated remyelination, volumetric measurements of pretreatment and post-treatment spinal cord white matter lesion loads were conducted using in vivo MRI data
3. (CSF) guide the diagnosis of spinal cord injuries. However, imaging is of great importance in order to home in on the diagnosis and classify the etiol-ogy appropriately (2-3). Many of the processes affecting the spinal cord may be reversible if recognized and treated early. The vast majority of spinal cord diseases may b
4. Diagnostic accuracy is poor in demyelinating myelopathies, and therefore a challenge for neurologists in daily practice, mainly because of the multiple underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms involved in each subtype. A systematic diagnostic approach combining data from the clinical setting and presentation with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesion patterns, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF.
5. Most common demyelinating dz, more common in middle-aged women. Optic neuritis may be first sign. (pictured) *To make diagnosis, there must be lesions separated in space (different areas w/in brain/cord) and in time (new lesions over time)-Suggestive imaging findings: ovoid T2 prolongation pointing towards ventricles; corpus callosum often.
6. Diagnostic Imaging MR Imaging in White Matter Diseases of the Brain and Spinal Cord Bearbeitet von Massimo Filippi, K. Sartor, Nicola de Stefano, Vincent Dousset, Joseph C. McGowan 1. Auflage 2005. Buch. xi, 481 S. Hardcover ISBN 978 3 540 40230 5 Format (B x L): 17,8 x 25,4 cm Gewicht: 1229
7. If we exclude myelopathy due to cord compression as seen in trauma, degeneration and metastatic disease, which is usually not a diagnostic dilemma, then the most common diseases of the spinal cord are demyelinating diseases. MS is by far the most common demyelinating disease. 6. APPROACH TO MYELOPATHY 1

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Demyelination Radiology Reference Article Radiopaedia

1. INTRODUCTION. Tumor-like inflammatory demyelinating disease (TIDD) is a rare central nervous system (CNS) demyelinating disorder affecting the cerebral hemispheres or the spinal cord. 1 TIDD can be difficult to diagnose because the inflammatory lesion clinically and radiologically mimics a tumor in the early stages. 2 Its exact incidence and etiology remain unknown. 3 Despite its rarity.
2. Combined central and peripheral demyelination (CCPD) is a rare disorder, and our current knowledge is based on data derived from case reports or small case series. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that is confined to the central nervous system (CNS) .The disease course is characterized by inflammation, demyelination of the CNS, gliosis, and eventually, neuronal loss
3. The most important roles of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in demyelinating diseases include: (i) diagnosis; 1-5 (ii) imaging biomarkers; 5-17 and (iii) monitoring of side-effects from disease-modifying drugs. 18-21 The present review will focus on the diagnostic role of MRI in these diseases
4. e structural and functional changes of brain and spinal cord, as well as the inflammatory environment in patients with neuroinflammatory and demyelination disease. Brain and spinal cord involvement are common in neuroinflammatory and demyelination disease including clinical.
5. Cervical Spinal Cord Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis: T1-weighted Inversion-Recovery MR Imaging with Phase-Sensitive Reconstruction. Radiology . 2008 Jan. 246(1):258-264. [Medline]
6. Case report. We report on a 52-year-old male patient with tumefactive demyelination of the spinal cord. University Hospital and Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Martin, Slovakia
7. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). 1 Spinal cord abnormalities are common in MS, and include a variety of pathological processes, such as demyelination, neuroaxonal loss and gliosis, ultimately resulting in chronic motor, sensory and autonomic dysfunction. 1,2 Recent improvements in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI.

Demyelinating Diseases of the CNS (Brain and Spine

Serial imaging and an incomplete rim of enhancement may help to discriminate tumor from tumefactive MS. 14 Other diseases and conditions can mimic MS plaques in the spinal cord;they include small infarctions (anti-phospiolipid syndrome, systemic lupus, Takayasu disease, arterial dissection), ADEM, TM, and infections/inflammatory disorders, such. Demyelinating disease, Neuroimaging, Spinal cord, MRI, The area of the spinal cord that MRI imaging identified as the lesion epicentre and a region in the T2-T3 region (adjacent to the region used for axon counting and electron microscopy) was embedded in paraffin for immunohistochemistry. MRI Background Intramedullary neurosarcoidosis may be the first and only manifestation of the disease and may mimic an idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating syndrome both clinically and on neuroimaging results.. Methods and Results Two patients who were seen initially with a relapsing-remitting neurologic course and a cervical intramedullary lesion on magnetic resonance imaging findings are reported

Inflammatory Demyelinating Diseases Radiology Ke

1. 1. brain with and without contrast for any chronic neurological symptoms (infectious, demyelinating, cancer, vasculopathy, congenital anomalies, dementia) (GREATEST INDICATION) 2. suspected spinal cord disease (GREATEST IMAGING MODALITY FOR SPINAL CORD AND SPINAL ROOTS) 3. cranial nerves. 4. ischemic stroke
2. suggestive of demyelinating disease, as has been demon-strated in several previous studies.2,3 Spinal cord abnormalities in MS are frequent find-ings in MRI studies, ranging from 49% to more than 90% of patients depending on the MRI technique and the type of MS.4-8 In addition, spinal cord symptoms a
3. Areas of demyelination present with T1 and T2 prolongation on MRI. Various patterns of enhancement can be seen in the subacute phase. Every case with suspected demyelinating disease involving the spinal cord should be complemented with brain MRI. Multifocal presentation is far more common than unifocal presentation
4. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. 1 Spinal cord lesions (SCLs) in patients with MS are considered to be a major source of clinical disability and are detectable by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). 1,2 Spinal cord lesions correspond to areas of demyelination in the spinal cord, neuroaxonal loss, and gliosis, affecting the.
5. Imaging of rat spinal cord in vivo poses particular challenge because of its small diameter (1-3 mm) (Behr et al., 2004), and spinal cord MRI is rarely performed in experimental studies. Still, much of the physical disability related to MS is probably mediated by spinal cord lesions, which can progress independently of brain disease
6. Tumefactive demyelination is distinguished from tumor by the presence of multiple lesions, absence of cortical involvement, and decrease in lesion size or detection of new lesions on serial imaging Tumefactive lesions can appear in the spinal cord, making the diagnosis even more difficult
7. ated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is characterized by a brief but widespread attack of inflammation in the brain and spinal cord that damages myelin - the protective covering of nerve fibers. ADEM often follows viral or bacterial infections, or less often, vaccination for measles, mumps, or rubella

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Demyelinating lesions in spinal cord in multiple sclerosis (MS) are found in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 47-90% of patients; spinal cord atrophy, however, which is a measure of axonal loss and correlates with disability, is found in 13-41% of patients Magnetic resonance imaging showed significant pan-spinal proximal nerve root hypertrophy, compressing the cervical spinal cord. Initial radiological opinion raised the possibility of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1), but neurophysiology revealed both axonal and demyelinating changes that were etiologically non-specific Cohen-Adad J, El Mendili M, Lehericy S, et al. of MR diffusion tensor imaging parameters with ASIA Demyelination and degeneration in the injured shuman motor scores in hemorrhagic and nonhemorrhagic acute spinal cord detected with diffusion and magnetisation spinal cord injury A demyelinating disease is any condition that results in damage to the protective covering (myelin sheath) that surrounds nerve fibers in your brain, optic nerves and spinal cord. When the myelin sheath is damaged, nerve impulses slow or even stop, causing neurological problems Spinal cord tract diffusion tensor imaging reveals Disability substrate in demyelinating disease Robert T. Naismith , Junqian Xu, Eric C. Klawiter, Samantha Lancia, Nhial T. Tutlam, Joanne M. Wagner, Peiqing Qian, Kathryn Trinkaus, Sheng Kwei Song , Anne H. Cros

Demyelinating disorders Radiology Reference Article

1. Spinal cord narrowing due to atrophic changes is present in 10% of patients with spinal cord involvement. (See the images below.) See the images below.) Sagittal, T2-weighted magnetic resonance image of the cervical spinal cord in a woman aged 27 years showing a fusiform area of increased signal intensity representing a multiple sclerosis plaque
2. In autoimmune demyelinating diseases, the body's own immune system can attack healthy cells. This can happen anywhere in the body, including the myelin covering nerve cells in the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves. These diseases are not the result of a genetic defect from birth. They are acquired at some time later in life
3. Covering the entire spectrum of this fast-changing field, Diagnostic Imaging: Spine, fourth edition, is an invaluable resource for general radiologists, neuroradiologists, and trainees—anyone who requires an easily accessible, highly visual reference on today's spinal imaging. Drs. Jeffrey Ross, Kevin Moore, and their team of highly regarded experts provide updated information on disease.
4. 1. Introduction. Injury to the spinal cord presents a significant clinical and therapeutic problem (Table 1) that includes significant neuropathic pain syndromes.While most spinal cord injuries are in adults, both traumatic and non-traumatic injuries present in children, with the most common being neoplasms and vascular (Citterio et al., 2004) and demyelinating diseases including acute.
5. Editorial Reviews. Reviewer: Sirisha Komakula, MD (University of Colorado Health Sciences Center) Description: This book describes recent advances in MR imaging, and specifically, in the imaging of white matter diseases. Purpose: The book aims at providing an updated review of the application of MR techniques to the study of white matter diseases of the brain and spinal cord

CNS, including the brain and spinal cord, the focal demyelinating lesions with partial axon preservation, and glial scar formation. Recent studies have shown that multiple sclerosis pathology has elucidated the important role of pathological changes in the normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and grey matter of multiple sclerosis patients. The paper also discusses the characteristics of. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential for the early diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS), for investigating the disease pathophysiology, and for discriminating MS from other neurological diseases. Ultra-high-field strength (7-T) MRI provides a new tool for studying MS and other demyelinating diseases both in research and in clinical settings Diseases of the Brain, Head & Neck, Spine. : Written by internationally renowned experts, this volume is a collection of chapters dealing with imaging diagnosis and interventional therapies in neuroradiology and diseases of the spine. The different topics are disease-oriented and encompass all the relevant imaging modalities including X-ray.

Demyelinating diseases are more common in Indonesia than previously believed. However, it is still a challenge for a country such as Indonesia to implement the scientific medical advances, especially in the diagnostic process of demyelinating diseases, to achieve the best possible outcome for these groups of patients, within the constraints of what is socially, technologically, economically. We analyzed the cervical or thoracolumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of these 128 patients. Data relating to spondylosis, cord compression, spinal canal diameter, spinal cord diameter, and the closest distance between the cervical spinal canal and cord were validated using MRI. Of the 128 patients, 52 had ALS, 48 had PD, and 28 had. 24 Massoud Houshman & Fawziah M. Mohammed 25 Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Spinal Cord Lesions The value of spinal cord MRI in the diagnosis and monitoring of MS has been well documented. Cord lesion detection using conventional sequences at 1.5 T MRI is still difficult, though new sequences and high-field MRI have improved detection. Cerebral MT imaging has a recognized role in demyelinating disease,1 but spinal cord imaging is complicated by the small cord size, interference from surrounding structures, and contamination by CSF pulsation artifacts. Because of these limitations, the potential of MT imaging for evaluation of demyelinating cord lesions remains largely unrealized Spinal cord lesions are typically not seen in small vessel ischemic disease, underlining the importance of diagnostic use of spinal cord imaging to assess demyelinating disease [Bot et al. 2002]. A workshop of the European MAGNIMS (Magnetic Resonance Network in Multiple Sclerosis) defined 'MRI red flags' derived from evidence-based findings.

Diagnostic Workup for Patients with Suspected Demyelinating Disease: Testing Options Imaging Studies Brain MRI findings are abnormal in 95% of MS patients. Usually occupy only part of the cord in cross-section Somatosensory EP Can be helpful in establishing spinal cord involvement 73 Identifying the injury in demyelinating cervical spinal cord disease: A diffusion tensor imaging and tractography study *1Jiafeng Chen, *1Chunkui Zhou, 2 Lijun Zhu, 1Xin Chen, 1Shaokuan Fang *Jiafeng Chen and Chunkui Zhou contributed equally to this work. 1Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Centre, The First Teaching Hospital of the Jilin University,. Aims Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a non-vasculitic, autoimmune demyelinating condition affecting predominantly cerebral white matter. ADEM commonly presents after a well defined pro-dromal febrile illness, and typically has a monophasic presentation with predominance of cortical signs such as encephalopathy and seizures. There is considerable interest in identifying clinical.

The Radiology Assistant : Myelopath

Spinal cord demyelination combined with hyperhomocysteinemia: a case report Meimei Hao, Yan Zhang, Shuangxing Hou, Yanling Chen Ming Shi, Gang Zhao, Yanchun Deng Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China Abstract: Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) has been recognized as an independent risk factor for atherosclerotic vascular. Spinal cord. Spinal cord lesions are commonly seen in MS. 4 In fact, the presence of cord lesions is more specific for demyelination than in the brain because age related or non-specific ischaemic lesions are rare. T2 weighted imaging typically demonstrates small and circumscribed high signal lesions (fig 3) † Imaging diagnosis of intramedullary spinal cord lesions could obviate cord biopsy. † Evaluation of cord lesions should focus on location, length, and enhancement pattern. † In demyelination, the degree of cross-sectional involvement is a distinguishing feature Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cervical spine is a very commonly encountered test which can be performed for a variety of indications, including degenerative disease, trauma, demyelinating disease, and metastatic disease. Most of these cases will be done without contrast, as most of the information is there on a non-contrast exam

MRI features of demyelinating disease associated with anti

a. Spinal infection, including disc space infection, vertebral osteomyelitis, epidural abscess, and surrounding soft-tissue infection, including postoperative infections b. Spinal cord infection, including abscess 4. Vascular disorders a. Spinal vascular malformations and/or the cause of occult subarachnoid hemorrhage b Demyelination begins as scattered plaques in the dorsal columns and progresses to the lateral columns. Wallerian degeneration of these tracts may be present. Lesions typically occur in the thoracic and cervical spinal cord but may even affect the medulla . Exactly why demyelination occurs and why specific tracts are more affected than others is. MR Imaging in White Matter Diseases of the Brain and Spinal Cord (Medical Radiology): 9783540402305: After an introductory section on neuroimaging technology, subsequent sections address disorders of myelination, demyelinating diseases, immune-mediated disorders, and white matter disorders related to aging and other conditions.. Objective: This study assessed the tissue integrity of major cervical cord tracts by using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to determine the relationship with specific clinical functions carried by those tracts. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 37 patients with multiple sclerosis or neuromyelitis optica with remote cervical cord disease

The Radiology Assistant : Multiple Sclerosis - Diagnosis

Spinal cord pathology, such as demyelination and axonal loss, is a common feature in multiple models of central nervous system (CNS) injury and disease. Development of methods to quantify spinal cord pathology objectively would aid studies designed to establish mechanisms of damage, correlate pathology with neurologic function, and assess. Transverse myelitis, another demyelinating disease, is caused by inflammation of the spinal cord. This inflammation attacks the myelin sheath, damaging the spinal cord. As a result, regions below the affected area of the spinal cord may feel weakness, paralysis, or pain. Transverse myelitis can be caused by a number of infections, including.

Diagnostic Approach to Intrinsic Abnormality of Spinal

Cervical Spinal Cord Compression and Demyelinating Neuropathy Complicating Neurofibromatosis Type 1: About A Case. Patrice Ntenga 1* Kabulo K 2 Fogang YF 1 Bugeme M 1 Soumaila Boubacar 1 Salaheddine M 1 Aboubacar Nahantchi A 1 Cisse O 1 Diagne NS 1 Toure K 1,3 Ndiaye M 1 Ndiaye MM 1. 1 Neurological Clinic of the National Teaching Hospital-FANN, Dakar, Senega Demyelination is damage to the myelin sheath around nerves. It plays a part in several chronic conditions, including multiple sclerosis. Learn more about types of demyelination and why it happens lesions evidenced by magnetic resonance imaging may be similar. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) and is characterised by multifocal areas of demyelination in the white matter of the brain and spinal cord, and axonal loss. The cause of MS is unknown, although viral infections and. Active demyelination is accompanied by transient breakdown of the blood-brain barrier. Chronic lesions show predominantly gliosis. MS plaques are distributed throughout the white matter of the optic nerves, chiasm and tracts, the cerebrum, the brain stem, the cerebellum and the spinal cord., Imaging Feature The differential diagnoses for spinal cord lesions include spinal tumors and inflammatory processes. The distinction between these pathologies can be difficult if solely based on imaging. We report for the first time to our knowledge a case of idiopathic transverse myelitis (ITM) mimicking a discrete cervical spinal lesion in a 66-year-old man who presented with gait instability and neck pain

Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and Demyelinating Diseases: New

above) [3]. In addition, involvement of the intramedullary spinal cord in PCNSL is uncommon and accounts for less than 1% of PCNSL cases [4-6]. Therefore, PCNSL involving the intramed-ullary spinal cord in a younger immunocompetent patient can be misdiagnosed as an inflammatory demyelinating disease (IDD The pathophysiology, classification, treatment, and prognosis of a spontaneous thoracic spinal cord herniation: A case study with literature review. Surg Neurol Int 2014 ; 5 : S564 - 6 . Frohman , EM , Wingerchuk , DM clinically proven disease.13 The demyelinating lesions in MS preferentially involve the periventricular region, corpus callosum, subcortical region (including 'U' fibres), optic nerves and visual pathways, the posterior fossa and cervical spinal cord. However, MS can involve any location in the brain and spinal cord. Callosa

A demyelinating disease is any condition that results in damage or injury to the protective covering or myelin sheath that rolls the nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord (Mayo Clinic, 2014). When nerve cell cover is damaged, nerve impulses will begin to circulate in a slowed manner, even stopping and , therefore, causing a wide variety of. Degenerative myelopathy is a progressive disease of the spinal cord in older dogs. The disease has an insidious onset typically between 8 and 14 years of age. It begins with a loss of coordination (ataxia) in the hind limbs. The affected dog will wobble when walking, knuckle over or drag the feet From the series Medical Radiology - Diagnostic Imaging, the four editors present an updated version on MR imaging in white matter diseases of the brain and spinal cord . In this form the present book is a state-of-the-art compendium on the application of. Atrophy of the spinal cord is frequently seen in MS patients, especially in those with the progressive forms of the disease 16, 18, 19, possibly due to axonal degeneration. In particular, the spinal cord CSA seems to correlate better with clinical disability than the extent of focal lesions 18, 20 Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) produces a cross-sectional view or three-dimensional image of tissues, including the brain and spinal cord. A spinal MRI will almost always confirm the presence of a lesion within the spinal cord, whereas a brain MRI may provide clues to other underlying causes, especially MS

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